The Javan rhino prefers thick, lowland rainforests, grasslands, and reed beds with numerous waterways, massive floodplains, or wet areas with many mud wallows. The Sumatran rhinoceros was once found across Assam and Bengal (where their ranges may have overlapped with both the Indian and Sumatran rhinos) eastward to Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and perhaps as far south as the Malay Peninsula and islands of Sumatra, Java, and possibly Borneo. Javan rhinos have been recorded as living up to 45 years in captivity. Only adult males have horns females lack them altogether. Its horn is usually shorter than 9.8 inches and smaller than the other rhino species. Still, it is smaller (closer to the black rhinoceros of the genus Diceros). It belongs to the same genus as the Indian rhinoceros and has similar mosaic, armor-like skin. It is the smallest (closer in size to the black rhinoceros of the genus Diceros) and most recently extinct species of rhinoceros. See Related: Environmental Organizations in Africa Conservation This Rhino is found in highly lush lowland rainforests, though it will live at higher altitudes if driven there by humans. But, the Vietnamese population is probably extinct soon because no adult males allow breeding. The Javan rhinoceros is found in Java and possibly in Vietnam. Male rhinos mark their territories with dung piles and by mauling vegetation.įemale rhinos are ready to have their first calf at four years and are likely to reproduce every five or six years after that. They may sometimes casually associate in small groups at salt licks or favorite wallows. Javan rhinos tend to be solitary, though they do not seem hostile to others of their species. The Javan rhino lives most frequently in tall, thick grass or beds of reeds within lowland jungles and rainforests. They are timid and retiring, and any human activity is enough to make them flee into the most inaccessible area available. They need regular access to salt licks and will drink ocean water to get salt if necessary. When the more relaxed evening comes, these rhinoceroses begin to forage, eating leaves, shoots, twigs, and fruit. Food harvesting is accomplished with a prehensile upper lip.ĭuring the day’s heat, the Javan rhino lies in mud wallows to stay calm or bathes in water. When the Rhino is forced to fight, it slashes with its lower incisors rather than attempting to use its horn. Instead, it appears to be a specialized tool for hooking high-growing plants to bring them down to a level where the Rhino can eat them or push through dense vegetation. The animal’s single horn is too short to be used as a weapon, at only 20 centimeters or less. This species of rhinoceros weighs 900 to 2,300 kilograms, stands 1.5 to 1.7 meters tall, and measures between 2 and 4 meters long. Armored with a thick, deeply folded hide, the Javan rhino has a prehistoric look that evokes the earlier periods of the Mammals’ age.
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